mathematics

English mathematician and writer known for her work on Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine, often regarded as the first computer programmer.

Archimedes of Syracuse was an ancient Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, and astronomer who laid the foundations of hydrostatics, statics, and invented machines such as the Archimedes' screw and compound pulley.

Calculus, originally called infinitesimal calculus, is a branch of mathematics focused on limits, derivatives, integrals, and infinite series, forming the foundation for studying continuous change.

Hypatia of Alexandria (c. 360–415 AD) was a Neoplatonist philosopher, mathematician, and astronomer, renowned as one of the last great intellectuals of the ancient world before her brutal murder by a Christian mob.