Delhi Sultanate and Mughal

When Shamsuddin Iltutmish marched his armies out of Delhi in 1231, he bypassed his surviving sons and left his daughter, Raziyyat-Ud-Dunya Wa Ud-Din, in charge of the imperial capital.

In 1192, near the town of Tarain, the Ghurid conqueror Muhammad Ghori routed the Rajput Confederacy, setting in motion a political transformation that would reshape the Indian subcontinent for over three centuries.

In the late fifteenth century, amid the fertile plains of the Punjab, a spiritual path emerged that defined itself not by conversion or the possession of exclusive truth, but by the lifelong pursuit of learning.

To carry the blood of both Timur and Genghis Khan was to inherit a legacy of relentless ambition, but Zahir ud-Din Muhammad, known to history as Babur, spent his youth as a king without a kingdom.

To understand how the great Mughal Empire was temporarily swept from the plains of Northern India, one must look to the brilliant, opportunistic rise of Farid al-Din Khan, later known as Sher Shah Suri.

To inherit the throne of Delhi in 1530 was to step into a lethal inheritance of rivalries, where fraternal peace was a rarity and the state was always at risk of tearing itself apart.

In 1526, a ruler named Babur swept down from the region of modern Uzbekistan, aided by the Safavid and Ottoman empires, to defeat the sultan of Delhi at the First Battle of Panipat.

Born in the desert refuge of a Hindu Rajput fortress while his exiled father fled military defeat, Jalal-ud-Din Muhammad Akbar spent his childhood in Kabul learning to hunt, run, and fight rather than read or write.